Citing IPUMS Mosaic

The Mosaic project distributes European historical census microdata. Every interested researcher can download data for his/her own research free of charge. 

All registered users are granted a limited license to use and distribute this documentation, to use the accompanying data, and to distributed derived analytical results, subject to the following conditions:

  • The data may not be redistributed.
  • Publications and research reports based on the database must cite it appropriately.

Proper citations can be found with the data file description on the data download page.