Mosaic data files | Census Mosaic

The Mosaic project distributes European historical census microdata. Every interested researcher can download data for his/her own research free of charge. The only conditions are that you register as a user with IPUMS and that you cite the data properly.

Harmonized files contain 30 variables, which are described in detail in a documentation file. [Download Here]
The CSV file with codes for each variable can be imported into any software able to read CSV files. Scripts are available for importing CSV files into SPSS and R. [Download both scripts here]

See more information about the contents of the data files in the About section.

Harmonized data sets:

Germany

Albachten 1864: 595 persons, 103 households

This is the census of the German Customs Union (GCU) in 1864 for Albachten (Niederort and Oberort), which is now a part of the city of Münster (Nordrhein-Westfalen). The data file was created by Volker Wilmsen.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:

Volker Wilmsen. 1864 Census of Albachten, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 42.63 KB ]

Dischingen, Gögglingen, Oggelshausen 1749-1811: 2,480 persons, 403 households

Oggelshausen 1785/1790/1796: 1,133 persons, 182 households
Dischingen 1749: 1,094 persons, 184 households
Gögglingen 1811: 253 persons, 37 households

These are soul listings (status animarum) for three Catholic villages in Baden-Württemberg. Oggelshausen belongs to Regierungsbezirk Tübingen, Landkreis Biberach; Dischingen to Regierungsbezirk Stuttgart, Landkreis Heidenheim; Gögglingen is now a part of the city of Ulm. The archival material can be found in the Diözesanarchiv Rottenburg, call numbers M 427 Bd. 2 (Oggelshausen), MF Nr. 19662 – 19663 (Dischingen), MF 16344 – 16345 (Gögglingen).

Note: In Gögglingen the source includes updates for the years 1804 – 1811. The final situation in 1811 is used for this data file. Servants are listed only numerically, without names or ages.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). Status Animarum for Oggelshausen, Dischingen, Gögglingen, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 97.19 KB ]

Germany 1846: 30,751 persons, 6,703 households

The census of the German Customs Union (GCU) in 1846 was taken within three days, but every member of the GCU was free to determine the procedure. The data file was created by Rolf Gehrmann for the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research and covers 59 villages in 11 regions and samples of 10 cities.

Note: This is not a representative sample of Germany in 1846 in the strict sense: in the north data is missing, because these regions were no part of the German Customs Union at that time, in the south and east data is missing, because it was not preserved or the census did not report all members of the household individually. For the east data of the 1858 census can be used as supplementary data. The variable “person weight” produces an outcome which is about 1/1000 of the civil population of the German Customs Union in 1846 without the easternmost provinces (East Prussia, West Prussia, and Posen), i.e. covering only those Prussian territories belonging to the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund). The ratio of rural to urban population is according to the census of 1846, but no regional weighting has been applied, because of missing data for some regions (see above).

The proper citation for this data file is:

Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). 1846 German Customs Union Census, Version 2.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 1.11 MB ]

Germany 1858: 3,468 persons, 730 households

The census of the German Customs Union (GCU) in 1858 was done similar to the one in 1846. The data file was created by Rolf Gehrmann for the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research and covers 6 villages in 2 regions (Government Districts of Danzig and Posen). It is intended as an extension of the sample of 1846 to eastern regions, where no data for 1846 was preserved.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). 1858 German Customs Union Census, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 136.27 KB ]

Haigerloch 1861: 6,541 persons, 1,345 households

This is the census of the German Customs Union (GCU) in 1861 for several villages of the Oberamt Haigerloch. This area in Southwestern Germany became Prussian in 1849. The data file was produced at the Laboratory of Historical Demography, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, using archival material provided by the Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, Abt. Staatsarchiv Sigmaringen. The population was almost completely Catholic.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). 1861 Census of Haigerloch, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 238.16 KB ]

Höhscheid 1846: 6,306 persons, 1,243 households

The census of the German Customs Union (GCU) in 1846 was taken within three days, but every member of the GCU was free to determine the procedure. The data file was created by Ralf Rogge for the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research and covers Höhscheid, which is now a part of the city of Solingen. This place has long been renowned for the manufacturing of fine swords, knives, scissors and razors. The census material can be found in the city archive of Solingen, call no. StAS Bürgerrolle H 168.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:

Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). 1846 Census of Höhscheid, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 233.73 KB ]

Lippborg 1861: 1,951 persons, 323 households

This is the census of the German Customs Union (GCU) in 1861 for Lippborg, which is now a part of Lippetal (Kreis Soest, Nordrhein-Westfalen). The data file was created by Elisabeth Frische.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Elisabeth Frische. 1861 Census of Lippborg, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 79.76 KB ]

Rostock 1819: 15,460 persons, 3,598 households

This census was taken over a longer period of time in 1819 and processed by the University of Rostock, Department for Multimedia and Data Processing, from data of the Landeshauptarchiv in Schwerin (Bestand 2.21-4/4 Volkszählung Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1819) with funding from the Ministry for Education, Science, and Culture of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The data file covers the whole city of Rostock. This data is part of the sample available at NAPP.

Note: The source does not delineate households. | Details are available in the following Working Paper and Article.

The proper citation for this data file is:
State Main Archive Schwerin, Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR), and Department of Multimedia and Data Processing, University of Rostock. 1819 Census of Rostock, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 619.97 KB ]

Rostock 1867: 29,660 persons, 6,785 households

This census of Dec., 3rd, 1867 was processed in collaboration between the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, the University of Rostock, Department for Multimedia and Data Processing, and the Landeshauptarchiv in Schwerin (Bestand 5.12-3/20 Statistisches Landesamt (1851-1945)) with funding from the Ministry for Education, Science, and Culture of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The data file covers the whole city of Rostock.

This data set should be cited as:
State Main Archive Schwerin, Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR), and Department of Multimedia and Data Processing, University of Rostock. 1867 Census of Rostock, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 1.25 MB ]

Rostock 1900: 55,705 persons, 14,215 households

This census of Dec. 1st, 1900 was processed in collaboration between the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research and the University of Rostock, Department for Multimedia and Data Processing, and the Landeshauptarchiv in Schwerin (Bestand 5.12-3/20 Statistisches Landesamt (1851-1945)) with funding from the Ministry for Education, Science, and Culture of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The data file covers the whole city of Rostock.

Cash Advance Van Steuban Detroit
The proper citation for this data file is:

State Main Archive Schwerin, Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR), and Department of Multimedia and Data Processing, University of Rostock. 1900 Census of Rostock, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2013.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 2.55 MB ]

Schleswig and Holstein 1803: 27,456 persons, 5,440 households

The 1803 census of Schleswig and Holstein was done two years after the census of Denmark and Norway according to the same rules. The data file was prepared by genealogists from Schleswig-Holstein for the Danish Data Archive.

Note: This is only a first part of the data for the 1803 census, other parts will follow subsequently.

Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:

Danish Data Archive. 1803 Census of Schleswig and Holstein, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 977.69 KB ]

Albania

Albania 1918: 140,611 persons, 27,792 households

The census of 1918 resulted from the occupation of the majority of the territory of the newly created independent Albanian state (except parts in the south and southeast) by the Austro-Hungarian army in 1916. Officers of the Austro-Hungarian army collected the census data with the assistance of Albanian officers from March to July 1918. Most of the manuscripts have been saved from destruction and are now stored in the archive of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.
The research project, "The 1918 Albanian Population Census: Data Entry and Basic Analyses," based at the University of Graz and funded by the Austrian Science Fund (2000-2003), sought to convert the data into machine-readable form. Up to now, the data of 285 villages and six cities have been entered in a database. The data consists of two samples:

a 100-percent-sample of the urban population; villages containing Orthodox Christians and ethnic minorities; villages being characterized by an uneven sex-ratio or very large or very small households
a 10-percent-sample of all other villages

The data has to be weighted to represent the population of the prefectures, which have been used as sampling strata. The variable hhwt does not account for religion, because this variable has not been used in the sampling process and is based on the published population. The variable perwt does account for religion and is based on the enumerated population.
Further information can be found at the website https://albanischevolkszaehlung.uni-graz.at/
This data set should be cited as:
Siegfried Gruber, Karl Kaser, Gentiana Kera, Enriketa Pandelejmoni. 1918 Census of Albania, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2019.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 5.2 MB ]

Austria

Austria 1910: 20,036 persons, 4,156 households

This is a sample of the 1910 Census of Austria, made by Peter Teibenbacher for the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Survival of the 1910 census material is very unevenly distributed within the borders of present-day Austria, therefore no representative sample could be made. The data covers villages and market towns with different ecotypes in 3 Austrian provinces (Upper Austria, Styria, and Tyrol) and the city of Waidhofen an der Ybbs in Lower Austria. The data refers to the administrative boundaries in 1910, therefore some places have fewer inhabitants than according to present-day borders (e.g. Pregarten or Grins). In addition data for some places is missing (Stanz im Mürztal and Tobadill).

Note: Reschen is now a part of Italy.
Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). 1910 Census of Austria, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 807.76 KB ]

Belgium

West Flanders 1814: 13,666 persons, 2,662 households

After the Dutch had recaptured the French départments in 1814, the Dutch General Commissioner of Justice commanded that lists be drawn up of “political and criminal suspects”. Viscount Constantin de Nieuport, the intendant of the Lys Department (the modern-day province of West Flanders) decided to use this opportunity to gather data on the population at large. The 1814 census was, however, not a novelty. The French central administration had already familiarized the municipal authorities with keeping track of population traits and trends. The data is preserved at the State Archives in Bruges and has been transcribed by volunteers of the association Familiekunde Vlaanderen – Afdeling Brugge.
More information about this census can be found in:
Gadeyne, G. (1981), De volkstelling van 1814 in West- en Oost-Vlaanderen, Belgisch Tijdschrift voor Nieuwste Geschiedenis, 12:1-2, pp.59-76.

Note: This first sample consists of five communities, additional communities will follow in future. Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Familiekunde Vlaanderen. 1814 Census of West Flanders, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 475.04 KB ]

Bulgaria

Rhodope mountain area around 1900: 8,373 persons, 1,718 households

This is a sample of eight villages of the Bulgarian side of the Rhodope mountains, covering the time period of 1877 to 1947. The sample contains Orthodox Bulgarians and Bulgarian-speaking Muslims (Pomaks). The three samples of Čepelare in the 20th century do not contain the whole population, but about 100 households each.
This data file was transcribed by Ulf Brunnbauer and additional information about this data is available in the following publications:
Ulf Brunnbauer, Families and mountains in the Balkans: Christian and Muslim household structures in the Rhodopes, 19th-20th century. In: The History of the Family 7 (2002) 327-350.
Ulf Brunnbauer, Gebirgsgesellschaften auf dem Balkan: Wirtschaft und Familienstrukturen im Rhodopengebirge (19./20. Jahrhundert). Zur Kunde Südosteuropas II/34. Wien, Köln, Weimar: 2004.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Ulf Brunnbauer. 1900 Household Registers of the Bulgarian Rhodope Mountain area, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 288.87 KB ]

France

Bagneux-la-Fosse 1906: 476 persons, 179 households

This is the French census of 1906 for the village of Bagneux-la-Fosse (Département Aube). The data file was created by Lionel Kesztenbaum.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:

Lionel Kesztenbaum. 1906 Census of Bagneux-la-Fosse, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 37.74 KB ]

Boulazac 1836: 591 persons, 105 households

The census file for this village from the French south-west (départments Dordogne, Gironde, and Pyrénées-Atlantique) was created at the University of Bordeaux. The census data is from the French census of 1836.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
University of Bordeaux. 1836 Census of Boulazac, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 21.27 KB ]

Boulazac 1876: 776 persons, 171 households

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:

University of Bordeaux. 1876 Census of Boulazac, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 29.63 KB ]

France 1846: 16,967 persons, 4,177 households

This sample of the French census of 1846 was created by Rolf Gehrmann for the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research and covers 25 villages in 25 départements. 11 villages are part of the collection of villages chosen by Louis Henry for the reconstruction of the population of France from 1670 to 1829 based on family reconstitution (all of them in Northern France). 14 villages are an extension to regions either not covered by this collection or a replacement for villages where no census data was preserved for 1846, or of too bad quality, or not available. They are the first villages beginning with the letter “B” in the respective départments.

This data set should be cited as:
Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). 1846 Census of France, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 612.71 KB ]

Saint-Émilion 1846: 2,870 persons, 781 households

The census file for this city from the French south-west (département Gironde) was created at the University of Bordeaux. The census data is from the French census of 1846.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
University of Bordeaux. 1846 Census of Saint-Émilion, Version 1.2 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 92.46 KB ]

Saint-Émilion 1856: 2,799 persons, 819 households

The census file for this city from the French south-west (département Gironde) was created at the University of Bordeaux. The census data is from the French census of 1856.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:

University of Bordeaux. 1856 Census of Saint-Émilion, Version 1.2 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 93.54 KB ]

Saint-Jean-de-Luz 1841: 1,209 persons, 252 households

The census file for this village from the French south-west (départments Dordogne, Gironde, and Pyrénées-Atlantique) was created at the University of Bordeaux. The census data is from the French census of 1841.

Note: The file for Saint-Jean-de-Luz does not consist of the whole population of 3,255 persons, because the other data has not been preserved.
Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
University of Bordeaux. 1841 Census of Saint-Jean-de-Luz, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 42.66 KB ]

Sallespisse 1831: 843 persons, 146 households

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

This data set should be cited as:

University of Bordeaux. 1831 Census of Sallespisse, Version 1.2 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 31.19 KB ]

Sauternes 1901: 938 persons, 268 households

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
University of Bordeaux. 1901 Census of Sauternes, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 40.61 KB ]

Targon 1841: 752 persons, 204 households

The census file for this village from the French south-west (départments Dordogne, Gironde, and Pyrénées-Atlantique) was created at the University of Bordeaux. The census data is from the French census of 1841.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
University of Bordeaux. 1841 Census of Targon, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 32.2 KB ]

Hungary

Hungary 1869: 31,406 persons, 6,584 households

This is a sample of the 1869 Census of Hungary (about 3 per 1000), made by Péter Öri and Levente Pakot for the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. The data covers the rural population of present-day Hungary, Slovakia, and partly Romania (Transylvania). Survival of the 1869 census material is very unevenly distributed within this territory and therefore the sampling is based on 9 regions. The data is rather similar to the size of the different regions. The household weight variable produces results according to the real rural population in the 9 regions. The second variable used for sampling is religion (ethnicity or language was not included in the census). The data also reflects the religious denominations rather well, but there has been no surviving census material for Orthodox Christians in the Partium region and for German Lutherans in Transylvania. The person weight variable produces an output which reflects the religious composition of the whole sampled area within the Kingdom of Hungary, but not the religious composition within the 9 regions.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). 1869 Census of Hungary, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 1.09 MB ]

Italy

Legnago 1430-1432: 2,101 persons, 415 households

The 1430-32 catasto of Legnago (at that time belonging to the Republic of Venice) contains information about the population and their property. The data file was created by Gianpiero Dalla-Zuanna. Further information about this data can be found in:
Gianpiero Dalla-Zuanna, Matteo Di Tullio, Franca Leverotti and Fiorenzo Rossi (2012), Population and Family in Central and Northern Italy at the Dawn of the Modern Age: A Comparison of Fiscal Data from Three Different Areas. In: Journal of Family History, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 284-302. DOI: 10.1177/0363199012439007

Note: The data file does not contain names, relationship terms, or occupations.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Gianpiero Dalla-Zuanna. 1430-1432 Catasto of Legnago, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 44.71 KB ]

Lithuania

Jewish Census of 1764-65: 19,231 persons, 3,260 households

This is a sample of the Jewish census of 1764-65 in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and covers the urban and rural population. It is a representative sample of the Jewish population and was created by the Faculty of History, Vilnius University during the international research project “Historical Demography Research and its Application on the Basis of the Example of the Census of the Jewish Population of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania”, 2013-2015 (Lithuanian Council of Science, Global grant program, VP1-3.1-ŠMM-07-K-03-050, head of the project Assoc. prof. Jurgita Šiaučiūnaitė-Verbickienė).
The sampling is based on five regional strata, but includes only settlements with complete information of individual persons, while settlements with incomplete data have been excluded from sampling. Overall the sample consists of 10 percent of the Jewish population plus the city of Vilnius as the largest Jewish settlement in this area. About two thirds of the population were urban, while about one third lived in villages. Weighting can be applied in using the variable “person weight”, so that each of the five strata reaches the population counted in this census. More information about this census and an analysis of its information is available in the volume “The Census of Lithuanian Jewry in 1764-5 and Historical Family Demography: Structures, Categories and Contexts” to be published in 2015.

Note: Ages are generally missing as do non-Jewish members of households, as e.g. servants.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Jurgita Verbickiene and Dovile Troskovaite. 1764-65 Jewish Census of Lithuania, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 509.11 KB ]

Romania

Wallachia 1838: 21,546 persons, 5,263 households

This is a sample of the Wallachian census of 1838 and covers the southern part of present-day Romania. It is a representative sample of the rural population and was created by Bogdan Mateescu for the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. The sampling is based on four regional strata (east, north, south and south-west). Weighting cannot be applied, because the census manuscripts have not been preserved completely and therefore the population figures are not known. More information about this census is available in a Mosaic Working Paper.

Note: Occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Laboratory of Historical Demography (MPIDR). 1838 Census of Wallachia, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 601.05 KB ]

Serbia

Jasenica 1884: 9,434 persons, 1,474 households

The 1884 population Census of Serbia is from the Serbian State Archives (Arhiv Srbije) in Belgrade. This data was provided after an official request was made by Prof. Joel M. Halpern to the archive and provided to him directly by archive personnel. No restrictions were made. In the 1980s digitization was carried out under grants made to Joel M. Halpern at the University of Massachusetts, Department of Anthropology, with funding from the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Mental Health), and research grants from the University of Massachusetts. Subsequent work was done during the 1990s and 2000s at the University of Graz, Austria, beginning in 1993 with funding from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF). Detailed information is available in the Joel Martin Halpern collection from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst/Special collections & University archives.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Joel M. Halpern and Siegfried Gruber. 1884 Census of Jasenički srez, Serbia, Version 1.2 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 281.96 KB ]

Jasenica and Krusevac 1863: 9,746 persons, 1,854 households

The 1863 population census of Serbia is from the Serbian State Archives (Arhiv Srbije) in Belgrade. This data was provided after an official request was made by Prof. Joel M. Halpern to the archive and provided to him directly by archive personnel. No restrictions were made. In the 1960s digitization was carried out under grants made to Joel M. Halpern at the University of Massachusetts, Department of Anthropology, with funding from the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Mental Health), and research grants from the University of Massachusetts. Subsequent work was done during the 1990s and 2000s at the University of Graz, Austria, beginning in 1993 with funding from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF). Detailed information is available in the Joel Martin Halpern collection from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst/Special collections & University archives.

Note: The city of Kruševac contains 102 servants who live alone and have no property at all. They were enumerated as separate units in the census, because they had an income, but they were obviously not forming independent households. Therefore they are coded as servants and not household heads and their households as incomplete households. The census does not have information about the place where they served. 45 servants have either co-residing relatives or property of their own, therefore they are treated as independent households.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Joel M. Halpern and Siegfried Gruber. 1863 Census of Jasenički srez and the city of Kruševac, Serbia, Version 1.2 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2015.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 300.52 KB ]

Spain

Colomera and Estepona 1752: 2,052 persons, 532 households

These two villages from the Catastro de Ensenada 1752 were processed at the University of Tübingen.

Note: This file does not include names and occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Jörg Baten, Franziska Tollnek. 1752 Catastro de Ensenada of Colomera and Estepona, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 50.42 KB ]

Switzerland

Hirzel 1678: 860 persons, 176 households

The source material for the soul listings of Hirzel and Wädenswiler Berg (canton Zürich) of 1678 is: State Archive of Zürich, E II 700.50, Hirzel 1678 and E II 226, p. 445–466. Description and analysis of the data can be found in: Ulrich Pfister (1992): Die Zürcher Fabriques: Protoindustrielles Wachstum vom 16. zum 18. Jahrhundert (Zürich: Chronos), pp. 346-355, 370-375, 520. Both the archival source and this work should be mentioned if this material is used. Earlier work that has analyzed this listing includes
Ulrich Pfister: »Exit, voice and loyalty: parent-child relations in the proto-industrial household economy (Zürich, 17th–18th centuries)«, History of the Family 9 (2004), 401–423.
Ulrich Pfister: »Rural land and credit markets, the permanent income hypothesis, and proto-industry: evidence from early modern Zurich«, Continuity and Change 22 (2007), 489–518.

Note: There are no names in this data file, literacy is actually the information about school attendance, relationship terms are available in English, occupations are not coded yet.

The proper citation for this data file is:

Ulrich Pfister. 1678 Soul Listing of Hirzel, Version 1.1 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2012.

Download data set [ Format:zip | File size: 28.04 KB ]

Turkey

Istanbul 1885: 3,408 persons, 881 households

For more information see: Alan Duben and Cem Behar (1991) Istanbul households: Marriage, family and fertility, 1880-1940 (Cambridge Studies in Population, Economy and Society in Past Time 15). Cambridge University Press.

Note: There are no names given, and terms for certain relationships included in these data files and ages are not always reliable. Therefore some “children” are reported to have occupations other than being servants.

The proper citation for this data file is:

Alan Duben. 1885 Census of Istanbul, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2013.

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Istanbul 1907: 4,946 persons, 1,177 households

The 1885 (1300 h.) and 1907 (1322 h.) censuses were the first Empire-wide censuses undertaken for purposes other than either taxation or military conscription. They are the first ones to include information about women. The 1907 census is overall the more reliable of the two. The samples cover 5 percent only of the permanent Muslim population of 5 central districts of Istanbul, only a small percentage of whose occupations were recorded, and over-represent those with non-manual occupations.

For more information see: Alan Duben and Cem Behar (1991) Istanbul households: Marriage, family and fertility, 1880-1940 (Cambridge Studies in Population, Economy and Society in Past Time 15). Cambridge University Press.

Note: There are no names given, and terms for certain relationships included in these data files and ages are not always reliable. Therefore some “children” are reported to have occupations other than being servants.

The proper citation for this data file is:
Alan Duben. 1907 Census of Istanbul, Version 1.0 [Mosaic Historical Microdata File]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2014.

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Unharmonized data sets:

Austria

Austrian numeric data file: 163,400 persons, 25,000 households

This is a collection of Austrian villages and urban areas from 1632 to 1947, consisting of census data and soul listings (libri status animarum, overall 180,304 persons). This is a part of the Vienna Database on European Family History, which was created during a series of research projects from 1974 to 1984 at the University of Vienna in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for History in Göttingen and the University of Salzburg.
Note: This data is available only with German variable names and value labels at the moment.

This data set should be cited as:
Vienna Database on European Family History. Numeric data file, Version 0.1 [SPSS file]. Vienna: University of Vienna, 2003.

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Italy

San Marcello 1827: 1,630 persons, 280 households

This is one data file out of a collection of Roman parishes from 1653 to 1906, consisting of soul listings (libri status animarum, overall 22,760 persons). This is a part of the Vienna Database on European Family History, which was created during a series of research projects from 1974 to 1984 at the University of Vienna in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for History in Göttingen and the University of Salzburg.
Note: This data is available only with German variable names and value labels at the moment.

This data set should be cited as:
Vienna Database on European Family History. San Marcello 1827, Version 0.1 [SPSS file]. Vienna: University of Vienna, 2003.

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Poland-Lithuania

Historical Kujavia: 13,320 persons, 2,065 households

This is a part of a collection of census-type listings from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the end of the 18th century (overall 155,818 persons). This CEURFAMFORM database was created by Mikołaj Szołtysek. The entire collection is currently under analysis and will become the subject of the monograph 'Rethinking East-Central Europe: family structure and coresidence in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth' (forthcoming with Peter Lang Publishing Group).

This data set should be cited as:
Mikołaj Szołtysek. CEURFAMFORM database, Kujavia, Version 0.1 [SPSS file]. www.censusmosaic.org, 2011.

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Switzerland

Zürich 1870: 8,146 persons, 1,560 households

This is one data file out of a collection of Swiss villages and urban areas from 1637 to 1880, consisting of census data and soul listings (libri status animarum, overall 31,495 persons). This is a part of the Vienna Database on European Family History, which was created during a series of research projects from 1974 to 1984 at the University of Vienna in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for History in Göttingen and the University of Salzburg.
Note: This data is available only with German variable names and value labels at the moment.

This data set should be cited as:
Vienna Database on European Family History. Zürich 1870, Version 0.1 [SPSS file]. Vienna: University of Vienna, 2003.

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